APA Formatting and Style Guide. Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in- text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed., 2nd printing). Contributors: Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck. Last Edited: 2. 01. Please note: There are no spaces used with brackets in APA. When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the month and date are not available, use the year of publication. Please note, too, that the OWL still includes information about print sources and databases for those still working with these sources. Article From an Online Periodical. Online articles follow the same guidelines for printed articles. Include all information the online host makes available, including an issue number in parentheses. Author, A. Title of Online Periodical, volume number(issue number if available). Retrieved from http: //www. Bernstein, M. 1. 0 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 1. Retrieved from http: //www. Online Scholarly Journal Article: Citing DOIs. Please note: In August of 2. General notes + additional sources; Articles. Citation guide: APA (6th ed., 2010): General notes. It provides selected citation examples for common types of sources. NoodleTools: Student research platform with MLA, APA and Chicago/Turabian bibliographies, notecards, outlining. The American Psychological Association (APA). APA educates the public about psychology. ACT Raising Safe Kids Program; APA Education Advocacy Trust. BibMe lets you easily and automatically create website citations and build your bibliography in APA. It’s accurate and free! DOIs changed. DOIs are now rendered as an alpha- numeric string which acts as an active link. According to The APA Style Guide to Electronic References, 6th edition, you should use the DOI format which the article appears with. So, if it is using the older numeric string, use that as the DOI. If, however, it is presented as the newer alpha- numeric string, use that as the DOI. The Purdue OWL maintains examples of citations using both DOI styles. Because online materials can potentially change URLs, APA recommends providing a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), when it is available, as opposed to the URL. The web's fastest and most accurate citatiom n generator. Generate a bibliography, in-text citations and a title page in APA 6th edition, MLA and Chicago in seconds. This is your FREE speedy solution to citation confusion. APA style is a format for academic documents such as journal articles and books. It is modified in the style guide of the American Psychological Association (APA), titled the Publication Manual of the American Psychological. Our 6th Edition APA Referencing Generator is a free tool that allows users to automatically create APA References and in-text Citations. DOIs are an attempt to provide stable, long- lasting links for online articles. They are unique to their documents and consist of a long alphanumeric code. Many- but not all- publishers will provide an article's DOI on the first page of the document. Note that some online bibliographies provide an article's DOI but may . Find DOI's from print publications or ones that go to dead links with Cross. Ref. org's . Title of Journal, volume number, page range. Toward effective poster presentations: An annotated bibliography. European Journal of Marketing, 4. Playing with technology: Mother- toddler interaction scores lower during play with electronic toys. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 3. Remember that one goal of citations is to provide your readers with enough information to find the article; providing the journal home page aids readers in this process. Author, A. Title of Journal, volume number. Retrieved from http: //www. Kenneth, I. A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 8. Retrieved from http: //www. Article from a Database. Please note: APA states that including database information in citations is not necessary because databases change over time (p. However, the OWL still includes information about databases for those users who need database information. When referencing a print article obtained from an online database (such as a database in the library), provide appropriate print citation information (formatted just like a . By providing this information, you allow people to retrieve the print version if they do not have access to the database from which you retrieved the article. You can also include the item number or accession number or database URL at the end, but the APA manual says that this is not required. If you are citing a database article that is available in other places, such as a journal or magazine, include the homepage's URL. You may have to do a web search of the article's title, author, etc. For articles that are easily located, do not provide database information. If the article is difficult to locate, then you can provide database information. For more about citing articles retrieved from electronic databases, see pages 1. Publication Manual. Author, A. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. Retrieved from http: //www. Smyth, A. A study of enjoyment of peas. Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8(3), 1. Retrieved from http: //www. Abstract. If you only cite an abstract but the full text of the article is also available, cite the online abstract as any other online citations, adding . However, if the full text is not available, you may use an abstract that is available through an abstracts database as a secondary source. Paterson, P. How well do young offenders with Asperger Syndrome cope in custody?: Two prison case studies . British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 3. Hendricks, J., Applebaum, R., & Kunkel, S. Bridging the gap between theory and applied social gerontology. Gerontologist, 5. Abstract retrieved from Abstracts in Social Gerontology database. Newspaper Article. Author, A. Retrieved from http: //www. Parker- Pope, T. Psychiatry handbook linked to drug industry. Retrieved from http: //well. Use the following format if the book you are using is only provided in a digital format or is difficult to find in print. If the work is not directly available online or must be purchased, use . For books available in print form and electronic form, include the publish date in parentheses after the author's name. For references to e- book editions, be sure to include the type and version of e- book you are referencing (e. If DOIs are available, provide them at the end of the reference. De Huff, E. Taytay’s tales: Traditional Pueblo Indian tales. Retrieved from http: //digital. Davis, J. Familiar birdsongs of the Northwest. Available from http: //www. Kindle Books. To cite Kindle (or other e- book formats) you must include the following information: The author, date of publication, title, e- book version, and either the Digital Object Identifer (DOI) number, or the place where you downloaded the book. Please note that the DOI/place of download is used in- place of publisher information. Here’s an example: Stoker, B. Retrieved from Amazon. Chapter/Section of a Web Document or Online Book Chapter. Author, A. In Title of book or larger document (chapter or section number). Retrieved from http: //www. Engelshcall, R. In Apache HTTP Server version 1. Apache modules). Retrieved from http: //httpd. Change in the Nineties. Du. Bois (Eds.), A century of growth in America. Retrieved from Gold. Star database. NOTE: Use a chapter or section identifier and provide a URL that links directly to the chapter section, not the home page of the Web site. Online Book Reviews. Cite the information as you normally would for the work you are quoting. Provide the web address after the words . If the review comes from a subscription service or database, write . Retrieved from http: //www. Zachareck- t. html? Castle, G. New millennial Joyce . Modern Fiction Studies, 5. Available from Project MUSE Web site: http: //muse. Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinson's disease. Retrieved from Pro. Quest Digital Dissertations. When no byline is present, move the entry name to the front of the citation. Provide publication dates if present or specify (n. Feminism. Retrieved from http: //www. EBchecked/topic/7. Online Bibliographies and Annotated Bibliographies. J. HIV/AIDS and HCV in Prisons: A Select Annotated Bibliography. Retrieved from http: //www. Indiana income limits . Retrieved from http: //www. Datasets/IL/IL0. 8/in. Interactive Maps and Other Graphic Representations of Data)Give the name of the researching organization followed by the date. In brackets, provide a brief explanation of what type of data is there and in what form it appears. Finally, provide the project name and retrieval information. Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment. Solar Spectral Data Access from the SIM, SOLSTICE, and XPS Instruments. Retrieved from http: //lasp. If an audio file or transcript is available online, use the following model, specifying the medium in brackets (e. Retrieved from Johnson Space Center Oral Histories Project Web site: http: // www. Power. Point slides, Word document). Hallam, A. Duality in consumer theory . Retrieved from Lecture Notes Online Web site: http: //www. Hallam/index. html. Roberts, K. Federal regulations of chemicals in the environment . Retrieved from http: //siri. Nonperiodical Web Document or Report. List as much of the following information as possible (you sometimes have to hunt around to find the information; don't be lazy. If there is a page like http: //www. URL to http: //www. Author, A. Retrieved from http: //Web address. Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderland, L., & Brizee, A. Retrieved from http: //owl. NOTE: When an Internet document is more than one Web page, provide a URL that links to the home page or entry page for the document. Also, if there isn't a date available for the document use (n. To cite a You. Tube video, the APA recommends following the above format. Computer Software/Downloaded Software. Do not cite standard office software (e. Word, Excel) or programming languages. Provide references only for specialized software. Ludwig, T. New York: Worth. Software that is downloaded from a Web site should provide the software’s version and year when available. Hayes, B., Tesar, B., & Zuraw, K. OTSoft: Optimality Theory Software (Version 2. Available from http: //www. E- mail. E- mails are not included in the list of references, though you parenthetically cite them in your main text: (E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2. Online Forum or Discussion Board Posting. Include the title of the message, and the URL of the newsgroup or discussion board. Please note that titles for items in online communities (e.
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